Study Notes for Programming in C Hello World

Introduction¶

C is not only a "System programming language" but has a wide variety of use in other domain.

Fundamental Data Types¶

• Characters char
• Integers int, short, long
• Floating point double, float

Derived Data Types¶

• Pointers
  • Pointers provide for a machine-independent address arithmetic.
• Arrays
• Structure
• Unions.

Expressions¶

Expressions are formed from Operator and Operands. Any expression including an assignment or a function call can be a statement.

Functions¶

Functions performs a single set of operation within a block of code.

Functions may return values of

• Fundamental data types.
• Derived Data types. except arrays
  • Pointers
  • Structure
  • Unions

Variables¶

• Variables can be internal to a function.
• External but known only within a single source file.
• Visible to the entire program.
  • This is frowned upon and we should rarely use.

Preprocessing¶

Preprocessing step performs macro substitution on program text, inclusion of other source file or conditional compilation.

UseCase not provided in C¶

• Operations directly dealing with Composite Objects, like
  • Array,
  • Structure,
  • Unions
• No Storage other than static and automatic.
• No Input/Output facilities.
• No built in file Access.

The above facilities are included by help of standard library defined by the ANSI C Standard.

ANSI C Standard¶

• New syntax for declaring and defining functions.
• Definition of a standard library.
• C is not a strongly typed language.
• C frowns on but permits the interchange of pointer and integers which has been eliminated by ANSI.
• No Automatic conversion of incompatible data types.

Reference¶

• Image Source

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